Network Structure and Topology based Routing Techniques in Wireless Sensor Network- A survey

Routing techniques in Wireless Sensor Network has always been important area of exploration due to change in demands of various applications such as Area monitoring, Environmental/Earth monitoring, passive localization and tracking, Industrial monitoring etc. Energy efficiency is crucial issue in WSN because sensor nodes in WSN are with limited battery power/Resources .This results in rapid change in design of routing algorithms. Day by day various routing techniques are being proposed. It is because of energy efficiency, Scalability, Network lifetime and other important factors of routing techniques. Each routing mechanism has its advantages and disadvantages related to energy efficiency also. There is no single, best routing protocol that is suitable for all applications. Routing mechanism might differ depending on the application, network architecture and topologies. This paper gives review of recent research of the network structure and topology based different routing strategies and gives brief idea about energy efficiency of routing protocols in WSN. This paper also represents classification of various routing techniques with their advantages and disadvantages.